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سياسة حماية الطفل لمدرسة سيرك فلسطين
مدرسة سيرك فلسطين هي مؤسسة أهلية غير ربحية تأسست عام 2006 وتم تسجيلها رسمياً لدى السلطة الوطنية الفلسطينية منذ شباط 2007. لا زال الاحتلال الإسرائيلي يدمر حياتنا في فلسطين، أفراداً كنا أم جماعات. وما فتئ يهدد مبادئ الثقة والوحدة والكرامة والاحترام ويضعها تحت الخطر. ولكننا نؤمن أن حرية فلسطين ممكنة، بفضل أشخاص يحلمون بمستقبل أفضل ويدعمون الطاقات الايجابية في مجتمعهم.
من خلال عملنا في مدرسة سيرك فلسطين نسعى إلى تطوير الإمكانيات الإبداعية لدى الشباب الفلسطيني، وإلى دعمهم من أجل بناء هويتهم الشخصية وإلى فتح باب الحوار الإيجابي والبنّاء فيما بينهم من أجل تمكينهم ليصبحوا أعضاءً فاعلين في المجتمع؛ حيث تقوم المدرسة بتوفير مكان آمن يلتقي فيه الأطفال والشباب معاً دون أن تفرق بين أحد منهم، ومن خلال العمل الجماعي نحصل على أفضل النتائج.
تهدف مدرسة سيرك فلسطين إلى تحدي الفروقات في مجتمعنا من خلال العمل مع الجميع في كل مكان على حد سواء. حيث تقوم بتوفير تدريباتها في عدة مناطق، وتجوب بواسطة عروضها في جميع محافظات الضفة متحديةً بذلك العديد من الحدود التي فرضت علينا منذ زمن: سواء كانت سياسية أو جغرافية أو اقتصادية أو سياسية أو اجتماعية.
تشجع المدرسة تطوير نوع جديد من أنواع التعبير الثقافي وتسعى إلى إنشاء جيل جديد من الفنانين في فلسطين. وتعمل بجد ليكون هذا الشكل من أشكال الفن متجدداً، وتجريبياً، ومتحدياً للمفاهيم التقليدية، ومتفاعلاً مع الفنون الأخرى.
مدرستنا مفتوحة أمام الإبداع بجميع أشكاله لضمان مشاركة الجميع: طلاب، ومدربون، ومتطوعون، والمجتمع بأسره.
وتعتبر اكبر شريحة يتركز عمل مدرسة السيرك معها هي الأطفال والطفلات بما يشمل ذوي الاعاقة الذهنية، وتؤمن المدرسة بأحقية وجود نظام اداري ورقابي لحماية حقوق الطفل/ة داخل اطار أنشطتها، وتؤمن أيضا بضرورة وجود سياسات يتم اتباعها وتنفيذها من قبل الموظفين/الموظفات والمتطوعين/ات والاداريين/ات، والشركاء، ومرتادي المدرسة، من أجل حماية الطفل/ة من أي انتهاك قد يتعرض له/ا.
ترتبط سياسة حماية الطفولة ارتباطاً وثيقاً بعمل مدرسة السيرك؛ حيث يستطيع العاملون/ات والمتطوعون/ات معرفة أين يمكن التوجه في حالة وجود انتهاك أو اساءة للاطفال/الطفلات، اضافة الى وجود ارشادات وقواعد أساسية في التعامل مع الاطفال/الطفلات ضمن مبادىء حماية الطفل وحقوقه. خصوصاً أن المدرسة تستقبل حوالي 250 طفل/ة سنوياً، وطبيعة نشاطاتها وأهدافها تتطلب الاحتكاك المباشر مع الطالبات والطلاب.
تتحدث هذه السياسة عن الموظفين/ات والمتطوعين/ات والمدربين/ات وغيرهم/ن، حيث سنطلق عليهم جميعا كلمة (العاملون/ات).
أولاً: تعريفات أساسية
الطفل: هو كل انسان لم يتجاوز الثامنة عشرة من عمره، ما لم يبلغ سن الرشد قبل ذلك بموجب القانون المنطبق عليه، وذلك بموجب المادة 1 من اتفاقية حقوق الطفل الدولية لعام 1989.
العنف: الاستخدام القصدي (المتعمد) للقوة أو السلطة، أو التهديد بذلك، ضد الذات أو ضد شخص آخر أو عدد من الأشخاص أو مجتمع بأكمله مما يترتب عليه أو قد يترتب عليه أذى أو موت أو إصابة نفسية أو اضطراب في النمو أو حرمان من الحقوق. (منظمة الصحة العالمية).
الإساءة: الأفعال أو الأقوال أو الإجراءات الموجهة للطفل/ة بشكل مباشر أو غير مباشر وتسبب له/ا أذى جسدي أو عاطفي أو جنسي فعلي وواضح ومباشر أو كامن، ونتائجه نفسية وعاطفية قد تكون مؤجلة.
الإهمال: إخفاق راعي الطفل/ة في توفير الاحتياجات النمائية في الصحة والتعليم والتغذية والتطور العاطفي والمسكن والظروف الحياتية الآمنة والرقابة المناسبة مما يلحق الأذى بالطفل/ة جسدياً، وعقلياً، وعاطفياً، واجتماعياً، وأخلاقياً.
الاستغلال: دفع الطفل/ة أو إغرائه أو إكراهه على القيام بأفعال وأنشطة لا تتفق وتطوره/ا الجسدي والعقلي والعاطفي والأخلاقي سواء كانت أفعال وأنشطة جنسية أو اقتصادية مما يعرض سلامة الطفل/ة وبقاءه/ا ونموه/ا للخطر.
حماية الطفل: مصطلح شامل يصف الفلسفات والسياسات والمعايير والتوجيهات والاجراءات الهادفة الى حماية الاطفال/الطفلات من الأذى المتعمد وغير المتعمد، في هذا الاطار ينطبق المصطلح بشكل خاص على المؤسسات والافراد التابعين لهذه المدرسة تجاه الاطفال/الطفلات الذين هم في عهدة هذه المؤسسات وهؤلاء الافراد.
مرشد حماية الطفولة: المرشد الاجتماعي في وزارة التنمية الاجتماعية المكلف مهنياً وقانونياً باستقبال ومتابعة حالات الأطفال/الطفلات المحرومين من الرعاية الاجتماعية والأطفال/الطفلات الذين يعيشون ظروفاً صعبة والأطفال/الطفلات ضحايا العنف المجتمعي والإهمال والاستغلال.
شبكة حماية الطفولة: مجموعة من المؤسسات الحكومية وغير الحكومية ذات العلاقة بالطفولة؛ تسعى لتنسيق الجهود والخدمات المقدمة للأطفال/الطفلات في ظروف صعبة وفق نظام تحويل سهل وفعال متفق عليه بين المؤسسات العاملة في مجال الحماية والرعاية الاجتماعية.
سياسة حماية الطفولة: إعلان نية يظهر التزاما يصون الاطفال/الطفلات من الاذى، ويوضح ما تتطلبه حماية الطفل/ة، ويساهم هذا الاعلان في تأمين بيئة آمنة وايجابية للاطفال/للطفلات، ويشير الى ان المدرسة تأخذ واجباتها ومسؤولياتها في الرعاية على محمل الجد.
ثانياً: مبادىء حقوق الطفل الأساسية
ثالثاً: الأساسيات العامة لسياسة حماية الطفولة في المدرسة
توجيهات حول إدخال الحد من الاساءة داخل المدرسة، والتعامل مع الحساسية:
رابعاً: هدف سياسة حماية الطفولة وتأثيرها على العاملين/ات في مدرسة السيرك
تهدف سياسة حماية الطفولة إلى حماية الأطفال/الطفلات من إساءة المعاملة عن طريق وضع معايير السلوك الملائم في المدرسة من قبل العاملين/ات والمتطوعين والاطفال والزوار والشركاء. كما تحمي الاشخاص الذين يحتكون بالأطفال/بالطفلات من اتهامات لا أساس لها. وتوضح كذلك أشكال السلوك غير المقبولة التي تؤدي إلى تحقيق رسمي، والتي قد تؤدي إلى تدابير تأديبية، وأحيانا إقامة دعاوى جنائية ضمن نظام حماية الاطفال الرسمي. بالاضافة إلى أن وجود مدونة سلوك توفر إرشادا حول المعايير المتوقعة الخاصة بسلوك العاملين/ات تجاه الاطفال/الطفلات وسلوك الاطفال/الطفلات تجاه غيرهم من الاطفال/الطفلات.
تؤمن سياسة حماية الطفولة إطاراً من المبادىء والتوجيهات التي تبنى عليها الممارسة الفردية والمؤسساتية وفقاً لما يلي:
خامساً: عناصر سياسة حماية الطفولة الاساسية
يتوجب على كل العاملين/ات والمتطوعين/ات سواء تقاضوا أجرا أم لا، يعملون بدوام كامل أم جزئي، عملوا لوقت محدد أم غير محدد أو لأجل طويل، وسواء كانوا يتصلون مباشرة بالطفل/ة ام لا، أن يخضعوا لعملية توظيف شاملة تستند الى معايير محددة، منها:
(ملاحظة: عندما يغادر أي شخص المدرسة، تتلف كل الأوراق السرية الخاصة به (أي سجلات الشرطة وتصريح الأحكام الجنائية)، يجب تمزيقها أو حرقها). مرفق نموذج رقم (3) تصريح حول الاحكام الجنائية.
تقوم المدرسة بالتعريف عن والتدريب على سياستها لحماية الاطفال/الطفلات لكافة الموظفين والمتطوعين والاطفال/الطفلات، ولتطبيق ذلك يجب أخذ الامور التالية بعين الاعتبار:
للحصول على مدرسة آمنة وحامية للأطفال/الطفلات، يجب إيجاد هيكلية واضحة لنظام الحماية، وفتح خطوط التواصل وتأمين جو من الدعم والتشجيع لعملية الإبلاغ عن أي إساءة أو عنف، وإشاعة ثقافة منفتحة وواعية، حتى يشعر العاملون/ات والاطفال/الطفلات بالراحة والثقة عندما يفصحون عن فكرهم ويطبقون التدابير الخاصة بالحماية. وحتى تسهم الهيكلية الادارية في تيسير تطبيق سياسة الحماية، لا بد من القيام بما يلي:
These protocols are basically written guidelines that all personnel, partners and visitors must adhere to, detailing and specifying the appropriate behavior that must be followed with children, and the inappropriate behavior that must not be shown with children, as well as directions about the behavior of children towards each other.
4.1 Examples on some guidelines for handling children: (you may add more through your daily experiences)
DO and DON’T DO
DO | DON’T DO |
Respect the desires, choices, rights and dignity of children. | Do not assault or place physical or mental violence or abuse on the child. |
Listen to the child and do not decide on their behalf, engage the child, listen to their views taking into account the child’s age, and maturity. | Do not spend a lot of time alone with the child away from others. |
Respect the privacy of children; maintain the confidentiality of their stories, unless it involves abuse and violence. In this case, the information must be shared with the child supervisor with the knowledge of the child. | Do not sleep in the same mattress or room with the child under supervision. |
Do not stay alone with the child: in a car, throughout the entire night, in your house, in the child’s house. | |
Do not share the information related to the victimized children and their secrets with others, except with the concerned parties. | Do not share the children stories with others, except with the concerned parties. |
Do not stigmatize the child when exposed to abuse or violence or sexual assault, and never expose or mock them. | |
Act appropriately and taken into account the child’s culture and age, as well as the child’s sex, and whether he/she has any disability. | Do not use inappropriate words with the child or in front of him/her. Do not use a language that may harm the child emotionally or psychologically. |
You must be trusted by the child. You have to control your reactions towards any situation the child shows. Exchange information with the child in a manner he/she understands. | Do not assign any additional works or punitive measures to the child inconsistently with his/her age. |
Ask for the approval of the child and his/her parents to take the child’s photograph, after giving him/her the information on how such photograph would be used, and respect the child if refuses so. | Do not treat the child in humiliation, provocative or insulting manner. |
Take the procedures which ensure that the rights of the child to security, and ongoing development are not vitiated. | Avoid putting yourself in a sensitive or suspicious situation. |
Maintain sufficient distance between you and the child. Draw boundaries between you and the child. Do not remove the barriers between you and the child and do not get physical in joking. | Do not act inappropriately or sexually. |
Engage the parents in the event they are not the assailant or not involved in the assault. | In the event the parent is the assailant, he/she must not be informed of the abuse/violence disclosed by the child. |
In the event the child was abused, and it is decided to refer him/her to the official authorities: Get the informed consent for the child and/or his/her parent before referral to the child protection adviser of MOSD, in case the child is exposed to serious abuse. (The informed consent is the voluntary consent of the eligible person based on correct and complete information). | Do not handle sexual abuse and assault by yourself. The competent authorities have to be informed in some case (the child protection adviser or the family protection police). |
Changing to prepare for the training shall take place in the dressing room or the ladies’ or men’s room only. | Do not change your clothing in front of others or outside before everyone’s eyes. |
Physical contact between the child and the trainer is restricted to the extent required to implement the circus activity, and only as far as necessary. | |
It is important that the child clothing need to be safe and does not cause the child any harm while carrying out the activities or training. | Do not use offensive words or cursing with the students or when calling them. |
Train the child on independency and not to rely on you in the matters he/she can handle alone. | Do not get involved in any personal matters that children can manage by themselves. |
Be a positive example for children to follow. | Do not show any discrimination or different treatment towards specific children. Do not be biased with specific children and exclude others. |
Play a positive role in the protection, safeguarding, and enhancing the safety of children. | Do not cause any psychological or emotional abuse to the child. |
Be careful of any possible peer-to-peer abuse (among children themselves). Avoid dragging children to situations of high peer-to-peer risk (the mixing of older age children with younger children without any supervision). The rule is that children must be separated as much as possible, taking into account the available resources at School. In any case, it is important to focus on supervision by the trainer if there are children of different ages in the same group. | Encourage the child to talk to an adult in case he/she has experienced bullying from other children. Encourage the child to create friendships with other children. |
Do not allow children to get engaged in sexual games. | |
Do not disregard the abusive or insecure behavior of the child or get involve in the same. | |
Look at the child with disability as a human being entitled to all rights, and focus on the child him/herself. | Do not treat the child as incomplete in terms of the rights and do not give great attention to the disability. |
Treat the child with disability as any other human being with feelings, instincts, thoughts, and dreams. | Do not treat the child with disability as a stranger with no feelings or thoughts or dreams. |
Strengthen the concept that the child’s body belongs to him/her only. | |
Do not give information about children enrolled to the School to anyone else other than their parents. Do not give information about children to other institutions without the approval of parents, after clarifying the purpose of information required and approve it. | |
Enhance the concepts of boundaries and privacy. | Do not consider that there is no need for child privacy. |
4.2 Guidelines on photography and handling the social media in relation to children:
A set of directives that control the process and prevent posting offensive and abusive images of children to PCS social media or its website as well as its activities and advertising materials:
The below rules shall apply to children-related social media networks:
These protocols and principles may be defined as the conditions which have to be available for the physical protection of children from violence, abuse, negligence and exploitation. This is in addition to the procedures and mechanisms to be followed in the cases of physical injuries or suspecting the occurrence of violence or abuse against a child.
5.1 Responding to the Children Physical Incidents and Injuries:
PCS has assigned a Technician and Safety Office to ensure security and safety. His/her role is to ensure meeting the standards and conditions of safety required to carry out the activities and training courses safely, provided the physical environment has to include all necessary equipment for this purpose. This is in addition to ensuring the halls preparations, the equipment, and the location of children.
During the training or presentation, children may be physically injured. In this case, it is the responsibility of trainer and PCS to take the below steps should there be any injury of a child during the training:
Furthermore, PCS shall:
5.2 Response in the event of suspecting abuse or violence:
If we had any concern involving direct abuse against a child, we must immediately act to avoid exposing the child to more risks. If we found any information on the child’s abuse, it is our responsibility to share such information with someone.
5.2.1 Abuse or violence by family members or surrounding environment (outside the School):
In the event of suspecting abuse against a child by any of the family members, the following must be taken in accordance with the law:
It is important that PCS seeks to participate in the membership of the child protection network and establish a coordinative and networking relationship with the Child Protection Adviser in the area.
5.2.2 Abuse or Violence inside PCS:
In the event of abuse or violence, or suspected violence or abuse against a child within the school, a set of procedures must be taken as well as the following steps:
5.3 Intervention Procedures and Principles:
It is important to identify the steps, behavior and procedures required to respond to alleged child abuse incidents, or concerns about children. Furthermore, the school’s reporting procedures should be developed as follows:
5.3.1 If you find out about any child abuse through one of the following means:
– A child or member of the staff may come to you to inform you that a child has been harmed or there is high likelihood that a child will be harmed.
– You witness yourself an incident of child abuse.
– Noticed signs of abuse from outside the school (family, teacher, friends, etc.)
– If the abuse is by the family, the latter must not be informed, because this falls within the responsibilities of the Protection Adviser of MOSD.
5.3.2 Useful advice to direct your response:
– Follow your sense of logic in addition to good practice of child protection.
– Allow child best interests to direct your response at all times.
– Should there be any doubt, ask for an advice from the Child Protection Supervisor at School.
– If the alleged abuse affected a specific individual, we have to seek a more appropriate person.
The below chart demonstrates response and intervention guidelines
6- Internal Administrative Intervention Procedures:
The phase in which the protection adviser of PCS carries out the initial examination procedures and assesses the level of risk. Then he/she takes administrative steps as a result of any questioning taking place regarding any claim of breach of policies or guidelines or principles or practices of Child Protection within the School. As follows:
PCS shall determine the type of necessary disciplinary measures for the different levels of abuse. For example, in the event one of the personnel insulated a child verbally (whether it is the first time or not), dismissal may not be the action taken by the School. However, it may give verbal warning, followed by monitoring the personnel for a specific period of time. The disciplinary measure may be subjecting the breaching individual to the Protection Policy or practicing the same within the institution towards developing more training courses, as it may deem appropriate.
Sixth: Protection of Children with Disabilities
Human rights and rights set forth in this Policy shall apply to children with disabilities just as they apply to other children without disabilities. However, they should get special treatment, not to mention the below matters have to be stressed:
6.1 Guidelines for working with children with disabilities (the International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities):
6.2 Matters to be taken into consideration with children with disabilities:
Since the child cannot sometimes tell that he/she has been exposed to abuse, below are some matters to be given attention, taking into account that these indicators do not necessarily mean that the child was exposed to abuse, you may have to verify more than once:
6.3 Measures to be taken for the protection of children with disabilities:
(For more information: we recommend PCS to have access to the Professionals and Educators Manual on Handling Violence and Abuse against Children and Children with Disabilities issued by Qader for Community & Development. PCS can also contact Qader for further detailed discussions on children with disabilities received in the School).
Admission of Students:
Admission to PCS is supposed to be available to everyone. Should the School be able to offer varied services in consistent with the physical and mental structure of the child and trainers, then there shall be no impediment to admission. PCS is open for everyone.
Seventh: the System of Complaints and monitoring the implementation of Child Protection Policy
PCS develops mechanisms for the complaints and to monitor the implementation of the Child Protection Policy provided they must involve periodic review and evaluation of the policy and its effectiveness.
7.1 Complaints Mechanism:
It must be clarified to children, personnel and others that the complaints on child protection may be filed to the school child protection supervisor. Furthermore, a complaints box may be placed for the students or parents or visitors or others in an easily visible place at PCS.
7.2 Mechanism of Monitoring the Implementation of Child Protection Policy:
7.2 The Success Indicators of Child Protection Policy at PCS
The Child Protection Policy has to be reviewed for the first time after one year. Then, every three years.
Eighth: discipline of children when showing unwanted behaviors:
Children at PCS may show some practices which constitute unwanted behaviors. Such behaviors may lead to children hurting themselves or others. This requires taking a disciplinary procedure against the child, taking into consideration that the child’s existence at PCS is voluntary not systematic. The below listed procedures are consistent with PCS privacy so that any procedure taken for disciplinary reasons may be motivating to the child. In other words, the disciplinary actions are taken for the purpose of teaching children rather than punishing them.
8.1 Prevent the Occurrence of the Unwanted Behavior by:
8.2 Discipline Specifications:
The disciplinary procedure taken by the trainer against the child who shows unwanted behavior shall meet the below standards and specifications:
8.3 Disciplinary Procedures
PCS also undertakes to take the necessary measures to comply by the Child Protection Policy through: giving attention to human resources such as training, consulting and counseling, taking the proper measures against anyone who breaches the Policy, including: subjecting the person to the appropriate training, or warning or alarm or suspension from work for a specific period, or dismissal or any other legal or administrative procedural measures according to the intensity and seriousness of the violation.
Form No. (2): Code of Conduct enclosed with the functional/voluntary contract:
I, the undersigned …………………….., having viewed the Child Protection Policy approved by PCS, hereby declare my consent to its contents, commitment to abide by it, and assume my responsibilities thereof. Accordingly, I undertake to respect the International Convention on the Rights of the Child, the Palestinian amended Child Law Of 2004, and the Child Protection System in force in Palestine. I particularly undertake to comply by: respect the rights of the child, the child best interest, the child’s right to involvement and respect of his/her views, the non-use of violence of all forms, the non-exploitation of children in any way, maintain the safety and security of children, permanently and equally oversight children without any discrimination whatsoever, either sex, disability, religion, social origin, and others.
In witness hereof, I undertake that should I breach any of these items or the content of the Child Protection Policy, its principles and exercise, I will be subject to all punitive procedures which will be taken against me as a result of this breach or violation.
Date: / /2019 Signature of Employee
This Code of Conduct is an integral part of the official job or voluntary contract.
It will be kept in the employee’s personal file.
Form No. (3): Acknowledgment of Criminal Convictions
Are you involved in any pending case, or have you ever been convicted, and awarded a punitive sentence/punishment for any abused you have committed in the past?
Yes ………………………………… / No ………………………………………
If the answer is yes, we appreciate it if you could give more details, including the trials and convictions, and declare any previous claims or investigations against you.
(The Child Protection Adviser at PCS shall maintain such information confidential, and shall assess whether any such information poses a threat or not on child protection).
I hereby acknowledge that the information I have incorporated is complete and correct. Thus, making a false declaration may result in terminating every contract signed between me and PCS.
Signature ………………………………
Name ……………………………………
Date ………………………………………
References & Resources